John Steinbeck An American Writer During the Great...

1. Introduction During the 1920s and 1930s, USA was suffering from a terrible economic downturn-the Great Depression. It was also a boom period of literature creation and many well-known writers emerged in that special historical time. Because of the difficult situations, American writers turned their focus to social problems and issues. They were motivated to arouse sympathy for the suffering of common people, especially those at the very bottom of the society. (Wang, 2012) John Steinbeck (1902-1968), born in Salinas, California, is one of the most significant and representative American writers in that era. He is the winner of the Noble Prize for Literature in 1962. John Steinbeck’s living experience in California had a great†¦show more content†¦2. John Steinbeck’s Philosophy The right philosophical outlook can instruct writers to find a proper way of learning about life. Then, writers can present a true picture of life in their work. The microbiologist Edward F. Ricketts, Steinbeck’s best friend and lifelong tutor, has the greatest important impact on his literary creation. John Steinbeck was influenced by Ricketts’s non-teleological thinking. As a result, his works are characterized by documentary realism fit for film and play adaptation. (Tian Shen, 2004) Non-teleological thinking is based on the profound consideration of reality. It is primary concern about what life is about rather than what life should be or why things happen. Steinbeck believed that non-teleological thinking is a good way to stay close to reality and understand an aspect of life. (Tian Shen, 2004) When we want to know the truth of something, we need to objectively describe the event instead of giving subjective assessment. In this novel, the author truthfully describe the tragedy happened in a ranch in Salinas. 3. Writing Style and Technique 3.1 Description of Natural Scenery It is worth noticing that the author uses present tense to portray the natural scenery at the beginning of chapter one. The nature scene described in this novel truly exists in the reality. Steinbeck uses his hometown as the setting.Show MoreRelatedEssay on John Ernst Steinbeck II: A Brief Biography891 Words   |  4 PagesIn American literature there have been or still are many good writers. John Steinbeck is one of those whose name is still towards the top of the list of great American authors. Steinbeck grew up during some tough times, he lived through the Great Depression, The Dust Bowl and World War II. These events only made him a stronger writer because of the horrendous outcome they had on America. Born on February 27th, 1902 in Salinas, California John Ernst Steinbeck II came into a very happy lifestyleRead MoreLife of John Steinbeck974 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many authors, poetry writers, and novelists around this world, but what make them into a famous author or writer? One of the famous American writer was John Steinbeck. He earned a Nobel prize of literature from his American classic novels that he had written in the past. The Nobel prize was not the only award that he had earned for his literature, he earned different awards for his writings also (John Stein..). John Steinbeck is a man who had overcome different obstacles and being successfulRead MoreJohn Steinbecks Greatest Accomplishments973 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Steinbeck, born in 1902 in Salinas California to John Ernst and Olive Hamilton Steinbeck, became one of the greatest American writers of his century. Growing up Steinbeck read vigorously and was fascinated by Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte D†™Arthur. 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In the article, John Steinbeck The Grapes a wrath: A Call to Action says, â€Å"Steinbeck’s novel showcasedRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1406 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis Essay John Steinbeck, writer of the novel, Of Mice and Men, uses many different rhetorical devices and appeals to unravel the essence and truth of the American Dream, while revolving around the world of these characters, George and Lennie. Written during the great depression, the novel itself shares the lives of many different people during that time period. It explored how everyone was treated through that time due to skin color, disabilities, and gender. Life during this time periodRead MoreThe World and Literature Changes in the 1930s823 Words   |  3 PagesDuring, the 1930’s the world was in a time of great depression, with economic and political uncertainty fueled after the stock market crash in 1929. Many US banks failed, mortgages were foreclosed on homeowners. Croplands in the Midwest lost their topsoil and were ruined during the Dust Bowl drought, with many farmers relocating to California. Unemployment affected a large part of the work force, leaving a population of long-term joblessness. Ultimately, the stock market crash left a dramaticRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1729 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Steinbeck the author of The Grapes of Wrath has a very unique styling of writing. With his style of writing the historical and creative embellishments of the Great Depression are expressed vividly. The way John Steinbeck brings out the nonfiction and the fiction points of view in his writing bring a special twist to writing in general. The way that his writing can bring out the historical and creative writing makes this one of the most intriguing reads a person could ever read. TheRead MoreAmerica Is Home To Many Great Writers Whom Come Different1709 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica is home to many great writers whom come different backgrounds. American authors like John Steinbeck who add biographical elements into their pieces of writing. John Steinbeck, one of the most honorable authors of time, is known for receiving Nobel Prize, California commonwealth club medal, Pulitzer Prize, and other great accomplishments towards publishing sixteen novels. Steinbeck’s realist style of writing and life experiences impacting his life show the reader he’s been through a lot inRead MoreAuthor s Date Of Birth : 19021075 Words   |  5 Pagesof Author: John Steinbeck Author’s Date of Birth: 1902 Authors Date of Death: 1968 What genre of literature did this author typically write: Fiction and non-fiction Noted literary work: The Grapes of Wrath Work published: 1939 The Grapes of Wrath is one of John Steinbeck’s most popular novels; it earned him the Pulitzer Prize in 1940 (Lauter). The book is about an Oklahoma farming family who has to travel to California in search of work, food, and money during the Great Depression and Dust BowlRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1190 Words   |  5 Pages14th, 1939, John Steinbeck published the novel, The Grapes of Wrath. The novel became an immediate best seller, with selling over 428,900 copies. Steinbeck, who lived through both the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, sought to bring attention to how families of Oklahoma outdid these disasters. Steinbeck focuses on families of Oklahoma, including the Joads family, who reside on a farm. The Joad family is tested with hardship when life for them on their farm takes a corrupt turn. Steinbeck symbolizes

Breast Cancer A Common Malignancy - 1204 Words

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the UK, accounting for 15% of all diagnosed cancers, affecting around 50,000 women and 350 men, leading to just under 12,000 deaths in 11/12.1,2 The risk of getting breast cancer is linked to increased age, gender genetics (BRCA 1 BRCA 2 gene mutations). Lifestyle factors that also increase the incidence of breast cancer (around 27% each year) are; Oestrogen exposure, being overweight/obese, high alcohol intake, tobacco smoke, oral contraceptives and certain hormonal replacement therapies.2,3,4 Although the incidence of breast cancer is increasing, mortality rates are declining due to better treatment and screening, and earlier detection.4,5 Patients are being made more aware of the†¦show more content†¦Her previous medical history shows that she previously had ER+, HER2+ stage one breast cancer. Following a chemotherapy regimen of 4 x FEC-100 cycles, she was prescribed adjuvant Tamoxifen hormonal therapy for five years, which is shown to decrease the probability of breast cancer recurrence.10 Mrs. Smith’s respiratory complaints are diagnosed as a lung metastasis (advanced breast cancer, stage IV), upon which, her consultant decided to adhere to NICE guidelines and start her on Anthracycline chemotherapy, particularly, liposomal Doxorubicin.11 A study conducted by the CAELYX Breast Cancer Study Group (O’Brien et al.)12 aimed to demonstrate that pegylated liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD) was no less inferior to conventional Doxorubicin in leading to progression-free survival, whilst being markedly less cardiotoxic, when used as first line therapy for metastatic breast cancer. They conducted a randomized trial on 509 female patients, who received either 50mg/m2 PLD every four weeks, or Doxorubicin 60mg/m2 every three weeks. The inclusion criteria for the study was: females 18 years or older with a WHO performance status of ≠¤2 and measurable or evaluable, stages 3B or 4 metastatic breast cancer.13 Normal renal cardiac LVEF, haematological and hepatic functions were required. Exclusion criteria were; patients who had a history of ICH or LVEF below normal ranges. Overall risk of cardiotoxicity

Domestic International Market Free Essays

Types of resources and capabilities underlie BMW Approach to Innovations. Founded In 1916, Bayberries Motormen Worker GAG, well known as BMW, Is a German automobile company, mall headquarter In Munich, Germany. Well, BMW also known as one of the leading manufacturing of luxury cars. We will write a custom essay sample on Domestic International Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nowadays when we are walling form Apple Inc. To launch their new generation innovative cell phone, the same image BMW has in today’s world market regarding their new innovative features luxury cars. BMW has gained the status of innovative luxury cars by utilizing its best resources and provide best qualities to its customer. There are many automobile companies UT there but only few firms in this industry are earned a title of innovations, and BMW comes first in that list. The main reason behind BMW success is their own Research and development center around the world, BMW group spend billions of dollar behind this R to provide best quality and innovative product to its customers. BMW comes In top 25 companies of best brand value in the world, today Its brand value exceeded to 25 Billion dollar because of Its R and Innovative Ideas of luxury cars. There are more than 8500 employees are working at Research and Development center of BMW around the globe. When I look over to the BMW group site, I found many facts about BMW regarding their innovative strategies. When I review their website I found out that currently BMW R teams are working for 2020 product of BMW. The assembly line of BMW is also ranked 1st in the auto industry by their innovative process of manufacturing luxury cars. BMW are more focused on their efficient innovation process by its innovative culture. The structure of company’s culture are more emphasis on differentiate and innovative ideas, and there is no doubt that BMW is holding one of the best talented pools of employees and cosmologies to approach the innovation. As per my opinion BMW will maintain Its title of Innovation because of their advance technologies such as using own optimizing engine, lower emission advance technologies, habitation, electrification and newly developed connected drive technologies. Bum’s Sustainable Production. Bum’s sustainable production has focused on many important factors as it mentioned below. Advanced technology by reducing emission of CO to 50%. BMW is leader in using renewable energy for production and value. Electro mobility. Always ready for future challenge by advanced technology. Continuous improvement in employee motivation for innovation. Less consumption on natural resources in production. Mobility patterns. Raising workforce awareness by providing essential training to the employees. Product Safety. Sustainable construction and process. More focusing on Opportunities Strong Brand Value. As per the current BMW strategic action regarding the future production as well as with advanced innovative technology, BMW is the only firm I found who can survived even after we will out of the fuel energy, BMW had already started working on hydroelectric advanced vehicle production, environment friendly and safety icicles, advanced production process which helps BMW to maintain its title of innovative firm. How do the resources, capabilities, and activities of BMW contribute to its differentiation strategy and unique position in the industry it has achieved? By using advanced technology and innovative ideas for production and best quality product, BMW had earned the best brand value in auto industry. BMW is also recognize as leader of innovation in auto industry, I still remember that when I bought Phone AS which had feature of Sir, but I also found out that BMW had developed this feature long back in 2006 in their BMW 7 series Models. None of the firm in auto industry had achieved in advanced technology yet and BMW group is the only company who looks to the future and gears its actions towards the long term. Well, BMW is not only one who is spending large amount on RD, there are many other automobile industry does same, but the uniqueness of BMW is the process and strategy they are using, the different culture of innovation spread in BMW, the status of innovation and advanced technology, the status brand and many other factor are consider to be the uniqueness of BMW. BMW had keep this innovative title form last two decades cause of their uniqueness and differentiate strategy where other automobile companies find hard to adopt it, the main reason behind this uniqueness is the firm’s organization culture of innovation where all employees are allowed to think different and something new that world had never seen. How to cite Domestic International Market, Papers

It Is More Important to Keep Your Old Friends Than It Is to Make New Friends free essay sample

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Sample Response 1: In the following essay I would like to express my opinion in regard to the thesis â€Å"It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends. † On the one hand, you could always say that making new friends is a lot more entertaining than keeping in touch with the old ones. There are new topics to talk about, new activities to do together, new personality traits to discover†¦ Additionally, you also get to meet the persons who are close to your new friends. And maybe you will even receive a whole group of new friends by making one new friend. However, you could also say that it makes much more sense to keep in touch with your old friends since they are your true friends. We will write a custom essay sample on It Is More Important to Keep Your Old Friends Than It Is to Make New Friends or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Firstly, you already know how they react to certain situations and therefore you know how to treat them to get along well. Secondly, I am of the conviction that it is certain that in a bit more peculiar and maybe a bit unpleasant situations it is a lot more likely that your old friends will help you out than that someone you have met barely a week ago would do the same. Though I have to admit that I personally came to the conclusion that I need my old friends as well as my new friends. For me they are both equally important. I adore keeping in touch with my old friends and knowing how they will react in most situations. Of course, over the years some sort of bond and a special kind of trust has developed with my long-time friends. However, I immensely enjoy making new friends as well. I enjoy trying out new activities and making new friends there. Furthermore, I like making friends from all kinds of different cultures and countries. And I am certain that this kind of attitude makes life much more interesting. Plus, I believe that new friends will also broaden your horizon because their beliefs may differ from your own. Personally, I am convinced that nobody has to decide between old friends and new friends since the possibility of keeping the old friends and making new ones always exists. When we encounter obstacles, it is our long-term friends—our old friends—who give us the best suggestions and help us get through our problems. Our new friends sometimes cannot give adequate advice to us because they do not know our situations well enough. We need time to get to know our friends. Last week, I faced the dilemma of whether to accept a promising job offer that would take me to another city. All of my new friends in my current company encouraged me to take the offer because they thought the job had strong future prospects. However, one of my older friends discouraged me from accepting it, as he knew that my mother’s health condition was poor and that she needed someone to take care of her. I think his suggestion was the best suited to me. In other situations, old friends simply cannot help, and we need new friends to lend a hand. New friends can mean a lot in emergencies. In an accident, for instance, an old friend who is far away from you cannot offer any help. In such situations, new friends often play a crucial role in helping us overcome difficulties. After my cousin was in a car accident, his friends at his new company gave him a lot of help. Without the help of his new friends, I doubt that he would have recovered as well as he did. I often wonder why some people emphasize the importance of having one kind friend, especially an old friend. Maybe these people are satisfied with the idea that old friends are more important. Ultimately, I think we should develop all kinds of friendships in order to assure that we can get help whenever we have trouble .

China and America Economic Analysis

Table of Contents China and US Economic Indicators US and China’s Capitalism impact on Economic Growth Internet impact on US and China’s Economic Growth Personal Freedom impact on economic growth Democracy impact on economic growth Bibliography Footnotes China and US Economic Indicators There has been a lot of comparison of China’s economy with the United States due to the economic growth China has been experiencing in the recent years. The United States however still remains quite ahead of China in terms of economic indicators such as employment and GDP. The GDP of the United States in 2009 was nearly $15 trillion while the China’s GDP was $ 5 trillion.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on China and America Economic Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The income levels for the average American was ten times more than for the average Chinese individual. These measures of GDP and income levels may not show the gains made by the Chinese economy. The purchasing power of the Chinese has been increasing yearly. A higher number of consumer goods are cheaper in China enabling the people to purchase more with their income. The purchasing power is therefore a better measure since the same amount of money should be able to buy the same types of goods in any place in the continent. The GDP of China adjusted by the current purchasing power shows that the country’s GDP is nearly $10 trillion. The gap of $5 trillion could be closed in the next few years considering the high GDP growth of the China[1]. The inflation in China has been increasing at a faster rate than the US causing the World Bank in 2005 to adjust the PPP measure of the country downwards by 40%. The inflation rate has continued to be higher than the United States even after 2005. The GDP growth of the United States over the period 1981 to 2010 increased 4.7 times however the Chinese GDP incr eased by over 30 times over the same period. In the area of trade, China has been able to surpass the United States in the area of exports. China is the biggest world exporter. In the period 1998-2000, there was a significant gap between the two countries however in 2006, China caught up and in 2010 and there is a gap with China leading. The export industry has shown significant progress. In the area of foreign debt, the United States over the years has been increasing its debt at a fast rate. It has made the experts and scholars in the country to be concerned as it currently stands at $4.45 trillion. China’s foreign debt on the other hand is a lower level of $785.17 billion. In light of all the economic indicators discussed, the world is watching China and it is expected in the next few years it be the world leader in the economy. US and China’s Capitalism impact on Economic Growth China’s capitalism is different from the United States since it practices state capitalism. The government controls the economy in a vertical economic structure. At the top there are monopolistic state companies which control the key industries while at the lower end, the government has allowed the state companies to face private competition[2].Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The state controls the petroleum and natural gases, electricity and power, banks, transport and information technology industries. The trade liberalization policies adopted by the country especially when the country joined the WTO in 2001, caused a lot of expansion in private competition at the lower ends which caused high demand of the products sold by the state owned corporations in the key industries. The structure combined with labor abundance and openness has helped the state corporations to perform better than the non-state owned corporations. The vertical structure enables the country to increase its economic growth despite the disadvantages attributed to state controlled capitalism. State capitalism has caused the country to perform well as its GDP rose pushing the country from position six to position two in the world. In the period 2001 to 2011, the GDP had an average growth rate of 10.5%. The United States operates on a political system of free-market capitalism. There is high liberalization of the economy with competition being highly encouraged. The government only interferes when there is a need to do so. The free market structure has caused the economic growth of the country to increase. There has been increased innovation, research and development that have positively affected the GDP. However, there are dangers of free market economy as corporates may take advantage of investors. Due to unethical practices, the United States faced a financial crisis that forced the government to come up with economic stimulus to help these companies and ensure that individuals are still able to live their lives comfortably. There had been declining employment, business investment and personal consumption therefore the economic stimulus really helped the country. The financial crisis did not affect the Asian countries. It mainly affected the countries in the western world. Internet impact on US and China’s Economic Growth There is a lot of control on internet access in china by the government and there have been concerns on the adverse effects of these actions on the economy of the country. The people are only allowed to access the internet sites that they need. The strategy is meant to protect the people from outside influences that would cause the people to challenge its leadership. The main national party, the Chinese Communist Party wants to enhance the country’s national sovereignty. The internet restriction has not had high adverse effect as the country implemented an â€Å"open door† policy in econom ic activities that caused the country to grow economically[3]. The country became more involved with the internet in the 1990s and registered its use in 1994. China’s use of the internet has increased and in 2008, it replaced the United States as the biggest internet user in the world.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on China and America Economic Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The country has enjoyed the benefits of internet technology as they have global accessibility to conduct their businesses. The telecommunications and internet sector has grown tremendously contributing highly to the country’s economic growth. The censorship on the internet encouraged the development of indigenous IT development. The censorship has therefore not discouraged the development and growth of information technology. In the United States, the internet is not restricted in any way and the people are a ble to access all sites and get the information that they want. They are therefore able to question the government and leaders on the economic decisions that they make at a particular time. The leadership is put to task to explain the economic decisions they have taken. Internet freedom helps in protecting individual and human rights. There is however certain income that America gets that China may not get through the internet through internet censorship. In America with the internet freedom given to the users, in 2011, it was noted that 247.2 million people spent time on the internet which is double the amount of people in 2010. These people spent an average of 81 billion minutes on social networks and blogs. A lot of Americans transact online, purchasing goods and services with a high percentage of the products promoted through the blog sites and social sites. In the United States, it was noted that internet activity accounted for 4.7% of the GDP in 2010, which is approximately $6 8.2 billion. The internet therefore contributes more to the national economy than industries such as information and technology, education, agriculture, construction and recreation. 5% of all the country’s retail activities are conducted over the internet. In China, on the other hand, in the period 2004- 2009, the internet contributed 3% to the country’s GDP which is lower than the 4.7% of US internet contribution. The United States has also put appropriate measures in place to ensure that information technology in the country grows in order to contribute to the overall economic growth. There have been substantial innovations in the information technology sector. Personal Freedom impact on economic growth The censorship of the internet and control of government in businesses has caused scholars to study the impact of personal freedom on the economic growth of a country. Are the countries with more personal freedom wealthier than the less free ones? There was a study ca rried out on 150 countries to test this hypothesis. The 150 countries were divided into four categories of free, mostly free, mostly unfree and repressed countries. The researchers were looking at variables of freedom as level of government intervention, level of property rights and level of foreign investment barriers. The variables which would be assessed to assess the economic growth were inflation rate, balance of the current accounts and the gross domestic product. For a free country, there would be little or nil government intervention in business and the economy.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To determine the government intervention, the researchers also looked at the share of government ownership of the businesses and the percentage of government consumption in the economy. In looking at property, the focus was on whether the private property was legally granted or forbidden by the government. Does the country have few barriers to foreign investments or the barriers are quite high? Inflation and balance of current account were used as a control as they influence GDP and the interest in the study was the impact of personal freedom on economic growth. The data for the analyzed countries showed that the countries with more personal freedom had a higher rate of economic growth. In choosing to restrict personal freedom, china was reducing its rate of economic development. Furthermore, of the 25 competitive countries as ranked by the World Economic Forum, it was noted that 80% of the countries were in the free countries category. Democracy impact on economic growth Another co ncept that has interested scholars is democracy and its impact on economic growth. United States is a democratic country while China is under authoritarian rule. Democracy has been noted to have a significant positive effect on economic growth. An analysis of the effects of democracy on economic growth was undertaken which focused on four countries. The four countries chosen were China, authoritarian rule, America, democratic rule, Botswana, democratic since the time it attained freedom and Chile is classified as intermittently democratic. The researchers were interested in the impact of democracy over a relatively long period of time. The period chosen for the study was 1950-2000. The GDP was found to have a significant positive relation with democracy. It increased significantly as the country’s political democracy increased[4]. The countries that have experienced high levels of industrialization in the last 50 years have been located in Asia. The Asian countries were Singa pore, Thailand, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia and Malaysia. However, for the economic development to occur, the countries had to transition from socialist, closed economies to more democratic and open societies where foreign investment and market competition was encouraged[5]. They also instituted political reforms that increased political and personal freedom and with these actions, the country’s political growth has continued to expand. There have been higher levels of domestic consumption and the services industries have matured. In analyzing the countries that are politically unfree, it is noted that aside from the oil producing nations, all the other countries’ GDP are at lower levels compared to the free countries. China is growing at a very fast rate however it would grow at even a faster rate if it increased the personal and political freedom of the people. The United States on the other hand should have strategies to deal with the challenges it i s facing economically. It has however put great systems in place such as internet accessibility, personal and political freedom that will enable economic growth to continue and offer stability. Bibliography Gerring, John, Philip Bond, William Barndt and Carola Moreno. â€Å"Democracy and Economic Growth: A Historical Perspective.† World Politics 57(2005): 323-364. Li, Xi, Xiuwen Liu and Yong Wang. â€Å"A Model of China’s State Capitalism.† Social  Science Research Network Working Paper (2012): 1-65. Minteh, Binneh. â€Å"Internet Censorship and Economic Growth in China.† Global  Vision Institute Working Paper (2011): 1-14. Scissors, Derek. â€Å"The United States vs. China- Which economy is bigger, Which is better.† The Backgrounder 2547(2011): 1-10. Tisdel, Clem. â€Å"Economic Reform and Openness in China: China’s Development Policies in the Last 30 Years.† Economic Analysis Policy 39, no 2, (2009): 271-294. Footnotes Scissor s, Derek. â€Å"The United States vs. China- Which economy is bigger, Which is better.† The Backgrounder 2547(2011): 3. Li, Xi, Xiuwen Liu and Yong Wang. â€Å"A Model of China’s State Capitalism.† Social Science Research Network Working Paper (2012):3 Minteh, Binneh. â€Å"Internet Censorship and Economic Growth in China.† Global  Vision Institute Working Paper (2011): 8. Gerring, John, et al. â€Å"Democracy and Economic Growth: A Historical Perspective.† World Politics 57(2005): 350. Tisdel, Clem. â€Å"Economic Reform and Openness in China: China’s Development Policies in the Last 30 Years.† Economic Analysis Policy 39, no 2, (2009): 274. This research paper on China and America Economic Analysis was written and submitted by user Natasha Montoya to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Synthetic vs. Conventional Motor Oil

Synthetic vs. Conventional Motor Oil According to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, 85 percent of the motor oil changed at home by do-it-yourself-ers. About 9.5 million gallons a year in that state alone ends up disposed of improperly in sewers, soil, and trash. Multiply that by 50 states and it is easy to see how used motor oil might well be one of the largest sources of pollution affecting groundwater and U.S. waterways. The implications are startling indeed, as one quart of oil can create a two-acre sized oil slick, and a gallon of oil can contaminate a million gallons of fresh water. The Lesser of Two Evils Conventional motor oils are derived from petroleum, whereas synthetic oils are replicas manufactured from chemicals that are really no kinder to the environment than petroleum. Plus, those chemicals used to make synthetic oil also come from, ultimately, petroleum. As such, conventional and synthetic motor oils are about equally guilty when it comes to how much pollution they create. But Ed Newman, Marketing Manager for AMSOIL Inc., which has been producing and selling synthetics since the 1970s, believes that the synthetics are environmentally superior for the simple reason that they last about three times as long as conventional oils before they have to be drained and replaced. Additionally, Newman says that synthetics have lower volatility and, therefore, do not boil off or vaporize as quickly as petroleum motor oils. Synthetics lose from 4 percent to 10 percent of their mass in the high-heat conditions of internal combustion engines, whereas petroleum-based oils lose up to 20 percent, he says. Economically, however, synthetics are more than three times the cost of petroleum oils, and whether or not they are worth the difference is the subject of frequent, inconclusive debate among auto enthusiasts. Do Your Homework But before deciding for yourself, consult your car’s owner’s manual regarding what the manufacturer recommends for your model. You can void your car’s warranty if the manufacturer requires one type of oil and you put in another. For instance, many car manufacturers require that you use only synthetic motor oil for their higher-end models. These cars can now go up to 10,000 miles between oil changes. Natural Alternatives While synthetics seem to be the lesser of two evils for now, some promising new alternatives derived from vegetable products are coming of age. A pilot project at Purdue University, for example, has produced motor oil from canola crops that outperforms both traditional and synthetic oils with regard to both performance and production price, not to mention greatly lessened environmental impact. Despite the benefits, though, mass production of such bio-based oils would probably not be feasible, as it would require setting aside large amounts of agricultural land that could otherwise be used for food crops. But such oils may have a place as niche players as the worldwide market for petroleum products diversifies due to dwindling reserves and related geopolitical tensions. EarthTalk is a regular feature of E/The Environmental Magazine. Selected EarthTalk columns are reprinted on ThoughtCo  by permission of the editors of E. Edited by Frederic Beaudry

MGM600-0803B-02 Applied Managerial Decision-Making - Phase 4 Group Essay

MGM600-0803B-02 Applied Managerial Decision-Making - Phase 4 Group Project - Essay Example Factor analysis is a regressive element to showcase the company’s worth and standing in a given period. It does this by combination of factors as the name suggests. It does not allow for what is not factor to impinge in the analysis. It is devoid of any method and simply analytical. It reduces space from larger number of variables to smaller number of factors (Factor Analysis). We are dealing with factor analysis. We want to find out why and when factor analysis is to be preferred to other form of statistics. There is sometimes preference for factor analysis. It takes precedence over other form of statistics. There is the case when factor analysis was preferred over other form of statistics. It is like this. In a case where â€Å"not applicable† was confused with â€Å"strongly disagree† or â€Å"strongly agree† it was ultimately decided the best course of action was to remove â€Å"not applicable† altogether. Nothing was lost (4 Factor Analysis). Figure this out with another system. The cluster analysis will find it difficult to use same example because it treats â€Å"not applicable† as part of the cluster (Cluster Analysis). Even in the case of Multidimensional Scaling the acceptance of â€Å"not applicable† is there (Multivariate Statistics). Thus, we conclude the importance of factor analysis. It significantly narrows down the endeavor of any enterprise by pruning the elements in the analysis. It functions on the basis of relevant

Persuade Your Employer That You Deserve a Raise Essay

Persuade Your Employer That You Deserve a Raise - Essay Example I was indeed workaholic. Working for late hours even after the fixed office hours was a trend which was rarely seen in American companies. Admittedly, it was the sincerity and passion I had toward my work that kept me boosted always. The task of recruiting hardware engineers for the iPhone and iPad projects were the most challenging and voluminous task in the whole span of my professional life. In many of the days, I was the only one who remained after the office hours and managed the extensive documentation works of the human resource department. I travelled through technology institutes to find young, vibrant and innovative engineers, of design, hardware and software for the successful accomplishment of the projects. It is clear that my diplomacy was beneficial for the company to persuade engineers and designers from other IT giants like Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo etc to work with Apple. And my expertise in computer programming was a surplus advantage for the company, for I got t he duty of supervising the iOS for iPhone and iPad. It must be noted that it was when many officers in the C level disagreed to supervise the immense task of supervising the development of iOS that I had to take up the responsibility. All this makes me upright to stately say that I played a substantial part in the successful completion of the iPhone project in 2007 as the HR manager as well as a software developer. I believe I have been loyal to my superiors in the company right from the day I joined Apple; and I have always been friendly with my colleagues too. I was always appreciated by my superiors in the HR department and my contributions and suggestions to the research and development wing was always well-considered. Our CEO Mr. Steve Jobs was always ready to listen to our opinions and suggestions. It is a unique feature in Apple that even though I am an employee in the HR department, my expertise in computer programming was also considered and exposure was given to me in the software development section. Such an easy and liberal working environment makes Apple a professional’s dream. The only thing that disappointed me in Apple is that there has been no change in my position and no additions to my salary apart from the usual annual increments. I have completed 10 years in Apple by now, and I am one of the well-qualified employees in the human resources wing. I graduated in business administration specializing in HR as well as computer science from the prestigious Harvard University. I was a topper in the university and that’s the reason for which Apple recruited me directly from the campus. It was my efforts that provided Apple a handsome amount of savings by taking up market analysis within the company instead of outsourcing it to external analyzers. This step was found exorbitantly helpful in maintaining a good position in the stock markets constantly throughout the financial years. Though I have such long stories of success to speak abo ut from the course of my work at Apple, I feel I never received a raise that I deserved while comparing with my track record at Apple. And I had to see many who were less academically qualified than I moving to higher positions in the firm. Apple had been always known as an employer who carefully listens to the concerns of its employees. Today Apple is the leading brand

Portfolio Asset Allocation on LEE Pension Fund Research Paper - 1

Portfolio Asset Allocation on LEE Pension Fund - Research Paper Example ate bonds had the lowest correlation (-0.011827), implying it would be a desired asset for risk reduction, among the portfolios, by means of increased diversification. Standard deviations (SD) and means were also calculated in order to give a relative comparison between the different asset classes with regard to return and risk. Before 1970s, real estate never existed as a recognizable and established investment â€Å"asset class.† As an alternative, the portfolios of organizational investors like pension funds entailed almost exclusively of bonds, stocks, and cash. However, this situation was changed as inflation and modern portfolio theory caused the establishment of real estate one institutional investment asset class. The current undesirable performance in equity market implies real estate is progressively registering mixed-asset portfolio. Nevertheless, determining whether the desired return in real estate is one long-term phenomenon or a temporary thing is a concern that remains hugely unanswered. In simple terms, little or no even evidence exist to prove whether real estate ought to play an unswerving function in mixed-asset portfolio across long-term and short-term investment horizons. We intend to explore and give more light with regard to the uncertainty surrounding mixed-asset portfolio. T his was our primary concern as far as this paper is concerned. So as to protect the portfolios from any short-term or long-term fluctuation in the market, the pension systems spread assets across a wide range of asset classes. This allowed each portfolio to uphold stability through the turbulent market cycles. Every systems asset was invested in bonds, stocks, real estate, and global asset allocation strategies, with a small asset allocation to associate partnerships. The assets incorporated in the analysis were given as follows: These investment categories exhibited imperfect correlations since when one category was wavering, another was doing exceedingly well or

History of the Piano

History of the Piano Blake Stutts The piano is a string percussion instrument which makes sound with vibrations. The cause of vibrations are the hammers inside the piano which strike the strings, and then the vibration of the strings is transmitted to a soundboard. Even though the sounding system of early and modern piano is pretty similar, there are some differences between of them. The modern piano has a cast-iron frame capable of withstanding the tremendous tension of the strings which makes a louder sound than earlier ones. Modern hammers are covered with felt, but earlier generations hammers were covered with leather. On the other hand, early piano had wood frames, and they could only lightly string. The piano is a well-made instrument that can be traced back through the centuries to create masterpieces. The piano is the most popular instrument. It is not too much to say that more people know how to play the piano than any other instrument. The piano has been many things and performed many tasks. The history of making the piano and different piano technique has had a lot of development since the 18th century. There were many forms of piano system and techniques in earlier times. A lot of attempts and efforts since then have created a well-done and popular instrument. Many musicians used the piano to create their well-known music pieces. These are only examples of differences between past and present pianos. In fact, there are many differences between the two kinds of instrument. The first piano was invented in Florence, Italy in 1700 by Bartolomeo Cristofori, a craftsman who repaired harpsichords for Italys royal court (Hoover, Adams and Rucker). He conceived Gravecembalo col piano e forte, which is a harpsichord which can produce soft and loud sounds, in 1709. In the mid-18th century, the piano had become widely popular. (Ehrlich) Throughout the centuries piano occupied a dominant place in music and society from Mozart to modern day music. Piano is the origin to most music due to the fact that the piano allows you to use all ten fingers to produce ten different notes and pitches including the use of your feet. Many pianos have had pedals or levers that comes in three causing the music to become softer, longer, or louder known as the soft pedal (una corda), sostenuto, and sustain pedal (23-24). The word piano is a shortened form of pianoforte, the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which derives from gravicembalo col piano e forte[1] and fortepiano (Fine and Gilbert). The piano was influenced on earlier innovations in keyboard instruments such as the clavichord and the harpsichord. In a clavichord, the strings are struck by tangents, while in a harpsichord, they are mechanically plucked by quills when the performer depresses the key (23-24). Over the centuries as the harpsichord developed the mechanic had shown instrument builders the most effective ways to construct the case, soundboard, bridge, and mechanical action for a keyboard intended to sound strings. A popular medium for musicians to create musical masterpieces, Pianos started to rise during the baroque, classical, and the romantic period. Well known composer and musician that used the piano to create their masterpiece are Johann Sebastian Bach, Ludwig van Beethoven, Frederic Chopin, Franz Liszt, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. There are four types of vertical pianos, which is based on the pianos height: Spinet, Console, Studio, and the Upright. The standard width of an upright piano is about 5 and the depth is between 2 2ÂÂ ½. The total floor space should be about 5 wide by 5 deep, including bench space. The height of the piano makes no difference in the floor space needed but it makes a major difference in the quality of sound the piano produces (Types Sizes of Pianos Bluebook of Pianos). The size is measured from the floor to the top of the lid. The spinet piano is the smallest of the vertical pianos because of the dropped action that transfers the force of striking the key to the hammer strike-ng the string. The console is the most popular of the vertical pianos due to the speed of the hammer. The additional height of the studio piano gives it a richness and tonal quality comparable to those of many grand pianos. The upright piano is the final vertical piano that is the tallest of the vertical p ianos. The grand pianos is the only type of horizontal piano, but it has many sizes due to the width and length that influence the volume and the tone quality of the piano (Types Sizes of Pianos Bluebook of Pianos). Having a piano is a pain in the butt to the fact pianos are very heavy yet delicate instruments. They require professional piano movers to use special techniques for transporting both uprights and grands pianos to prevent any damage. Pianos need regular tuning to keep them on pitch and regular maintenance to ensure the felt hammers and key mechanisms are functioning properly. The tuning of a piano involves the adjustment of the tensions of the pianos strings. Aligning the intervals among their tones so that the instrument is in tune[2]. The relationship between two pitches, called an interval, is the ratio of their absolute frequencies. Two different intervals are perceived as the same when the pairs of pitches involved share the same frequency ratio. The easiest intervals to identify, and the easiest intervals to tune, are those that are just, meaning they have a simple whole-number ratio (Fine and Gilbert). The construction and components of a piano can be difficult because they ca n have an upward of 12,000 individual parts, supporting six functional features: keyboard, hammers, dampers, bridge, soundboard, and strings. Most pianos now a day the casing is made of hardwood, typically hard maple or beech. The first electric pianos from the late 1920s used metal strings with a magnetic pickup[3], an amplifier and a loudspeaker. Pressing keys on the electric pianos has the same action as a regular piano. Pressing keys causes mechanical hammers to strike metal strings, metal reeds or wire tines, leading to vibrations which are converted into electrical signals by magnetic pickups, which are then connected to an instrument amplifier and loudspeaker to make a sound loud enough for the performer and audience to hear (Ehrlich). Most people think the electric piano is the same thing as the electronic pianos, but they are the totally opposite. Electronic pianos are non-acoustic; they do not have strings, tines or hammers, but are a type of synthesizer that simulates or imitates piano sounds using oscillators and filters that synthesize the sound of an acoustic piano (Dacies). Luckily with the electronic pianos maintenances is not require regularly. They are really inexpensive due to their popu larity in pop and rock music in the 1960s and 1970s (Hoover, Adams and Rucker). They also allow a person to practice with a headphone on to avoid disturbing others. Digital pianos are also non-acoustic and do not have strings or hammers because they use a digital sampling technology to accurately reproduce the acoustic sound of each piano note, while connected to a keyboard amplifier and speaker to produce sound The piano is one of the most beautiful sounding instruments that can range in sound from as low as a water well, to as high as the sky. It has evolved over time and become an amazing instrument. We can thank Bartolomeo Cristofori for his hard work. The piano was accepted very well in history and it has generated many changes in the music industry. The piano was also used a lot in society and has had many applications grow from it. Without it, many classical masterpieces as well as modern songs wouldnt have been possible. Work Cited Dacies, Hugh. The New Gravoe Dictionary of Music and Musicians (Second edition). London: Macmillan, 2001. Book. Ehrlich, Cyril. The Piano: A History. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990. Bool. Fine, Larry and Douglas R Gilbert. The Piano Book: Buying and Owning a New or Used Piano (4th ed.). Brookside Press, 2001. Book. Hoover, et al. Piano Notes: History. 2001. Web. 10 October 2016. . Kamien, Roger. Music An Appreciation 8th Brief. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Book. Pianos, Bluebook of. Types Sizes of Pianos Bluebook of Pianos. 2015. Web. 8 October 2016. . [1] Pollens (1995, 238) [2] A particular fixed set of pitches. [3] a transducer that captures or senses mechanical vibrations from stringed instruments

History of Web Based Learning :: Internet Computers Technology Essays

History of Web Based Learning Most students canÏ€t wait to graduate high school and move on to college. They canÏ€t wait to get away from home to experience new things. What happens if a student canÏ€t afford college or they just arenÏ€t ready to leave home? How do you complete a Masters or Doctorate program at the age of 51 with three children? This is where web-based learning comes into play. When people think of web-based learning, they tend to picture a man talking you through the computer. That is what I believed until my sister decided to get her master degree online. She worked like a dog; writing papers, attending mandatory chats online, watching videos, and implementing lessons into her classroom. It was not the easy ride that I believed. The emergence of powerful computers has rekindled the hope that machines might act as teachers and make learning easier. Each person learns in his or her own way. No matter what, people need to actively participate to absorb knowledge. Web based learning has a history that isnÏ€t just sitting back watching the computer monitor. Computers can only make knowledge acquisition more interesting or less expensive or both. This is why the student who canÏ€t afford to go to college can take some courses from home. Also, many people simply canÏ€t learn in a classroom environment. Using the web gives the learner a change of pace that makes learning fun. Many forty to fifty years olds may feel very uncomfortable walking around on a college campus. They may be seeking career changes and the Internet allows for the anonymity that is not available anywhere else. Web based learning does not have to take place solely on a college campus. Many elementary and secondary school teachers may assign web projects because à ¤since its ease of use makes the Internet trivially accessible to pupils with no prior knowledge of computers, programming or even networking, making it more tempting for teachers to take advantage of it. My teachers did not utilize the web that often, but when they did, I enjoyed it be cause it was a change of pace.

Toxic Shock Syndrom

About Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a serious but uncommon infection caused by either Staphylococcus aureus bacteria or by streptococcus bacteria. Originally linked to the use of tampons, especially high-absorbency ones and those that are not changed frequently, it's now also known to be associated with the contraceptive sponge and diaphragm birth control methods. TSS also can arise from wounds secondary to minor trauma or surgery incisions where bacteria have been able to enter the body and cause the infection. TSS also can affect anyone who has any type of staph infection, including pneumonia, abscess, skin or wound infection, the blood infection septicemia, or the bone infection osteomyelitis. Most often, streptococcal TSS appears after bacteria have invaded areas of injured skin, such as cuts and scrapes, surgical wounds, and even chickenpox blisters. Symptoms of TSS can include sudden high fever, a faint feeling, diarrhea, headache, a rash, and muscle aches. If your child has these symptoms, call your doctor right away. Symptoms Toxic shock syndrome starts suddenly, often with high fever (temperature at least 102 ° F [38.  ° C]), a rapid drop in blood pressure (with lightheadedness or fainting), vomiting, diarrhea, headache, sore throat, or muscle aches. A sunburn-like rash may appear anywhere on the body, including the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. A person also might have bloodshot eyes and an unusual redness under the eyelids or inside the mouth (and vagina in fem ales). The area around an infected wound can become swollen, red, and tender, or may not even appear infected. Other symptoms may include confusion or other mental changes, decreased urination, fatigue and weakness, and thirst. If TSS is untreated, organs such as the liver and kidneys may begin to fail, and problems such as seizures, bleeding, and heart failure can develop. Prevention The bacteria that cause toxic shock syndrome can be carried on unwashed hands and prompt an infection anywhere on the body. So good hand washing is extremely important. Girls can reduce their risk of TSS by either avoiding tampons or alternating them with sanitary napkins. Girls who use only tampons should choose ones with the lowest absorbency that will handle menstrual flow, and change the tampons frequently. On low-flow days, girls should use pads instead of tampons. Between menstrual periods, store tampons away from heat and moisture (where bacteria can grow) — for example, in a bedroom rather than in a bathroom closet. Because staphylococcus bacteria are often carried on hands, it's important for girls to wash their hands thoroughly before and after inserting a tampon. If your daughter has her menstrual period, talk to her about taking these precautions. Any female who has recovered from TSS should not use tampons. Clean and bandage all skin wounds as quickly as possible. Call your doctor immediately whenever a wound becomes red, swollen, or tender, or if a fever begins. Diagnosis and Treatment TSS is a medical emergency. If you think your child has TSS, call a doctor right away. Depending on the symptoms, a doctor may see you in the office or refer you to a hospital emergency department for immediate evaluation and testing. If doctors suspect TSS, they will probably start intravenous (IV) fluids and antibiotics as soon as possible. They may take a sample from the suspected site of the infection, such as the skin, nose, or vagina, to check it for TSS. They may also take a blood sample. Other blood tests can help monitor how various organs like the kidneys are working and check for other diseases that may be causing the symptoms. Medical staff will remove tampons, contraceptive devices, or wound packing; clean any wounds; and, if there is a pocket of infection (an abscess), a doctor may need to drain pus from the infected area. People with TSS typically need to stay in the hospital, often in the intensive care unit (ICU), for several days to closely monitor blood pressure, respiratory status, and to look for signs of other problems, such as organ damage. TSS is a very rare illness. Although it can be fatal, if recognized and treated promptly it is usually curable. When to Call the Doctor Call your doctor immediately if your child has any signs or symptoms of toxic shock syndrome. Once you realize that something is wrong, it's important to get medical attention right away. The sooner your child gets treatment, the better. Reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD Date reviewed: January 2011 Note: All information on KidsHealth ® is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.  © 1995-2011 The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.

Free Appearances Informative Essay

Free Appearances Informative Essay Appearances The social order of a modern theater differs from that of the Elizabethan era At that time, theaters were open-air and served as the main places of entertainment for all classes. Consequently, they were attended by everyone, from workers to lords and the Queen. The rich and noble were also anxious to be seen in all their grandeur, and those who strived to seem richer and rise above the crowd could achieve it when attending a theater. In theaters of old times, there were two distinct areas. The first was a cheaper, not prestigious yard with many inconveniences from rain, snow, and terrible smell to pushing neighbors and pickpocketing. The second area was the galleries, partially or fully free from this discomfort, but also featuring seats. Seating higher and closer to the stage in the galleries was also directly associated with prestige. As the above-mentioned inconveniences are not present in modern theaters, and everyone now has a seat, those criteria are no more relevant. Today, the main criterion for choosing a seat is how well the performance can be seen from it So, the best seating is in the front orchestra. Prices there are the highest, and the seats are referred as premium. However, they do not contribute to the status of people sitting there; it is merely an optimal angle of view and distance. Because of these changes, the boxes are not generally considered a good place for watching a production; though in Britain, for instance, private boxes keep their traditional exclusive status and are used by the high class. Nevertheless, in general, people from high classes craving for publicity can obtain it elsewhere without visiting theaters. As people now can have their quantum of fun by watching TV, going to cinemas, surfing the Internet or reading books, theater is not the only entertainment for them. So, poor people and people with a low education level go to the theater less frequently than in Shakespeares time. These days, theater audience mostly consists of those who love theatrical performances or just want to be more intelligent and exp and their experiences.

Nike Marketing Research Paper Example

Nike Marketing Research Paper Example Nike Marketing Paper Nike Marketing Paper For years, we thought of ourselves as a production-oriented company, meaning we put all our emphasis on designing and manufacturing the product. But now we understand that the most important thing we do is market the product. Weve come around to saying that Nike is a marketing oriented company, and the product if our most important marketing tool. -Phil Knight1[i] Marketing is a group of activities designed to expedite transactions by creating, distributing, pricing, and promoting goods, services, and ideas. [ii]Marketing is an extremely important aspect of every single company because it is what introduces the company and the companys products to the public. Through marketing businesses try to respond to what the consumer wants and needs and to foresee changes in the environment. Marketing is what sells the product. Marketing is more than just advertising; it is about pleasing the customer. The main focus of marketing is to generate utility, which by definiti on, is a products ability to satisfy human needs and wants. 1[iii]A product should make a customer happy, and make them want to buy again in the future. It is quite common that companies have to change their marketing campaigns in order to satisfy the public opinion. Although marketing is enormously important, it wouldnt be very effective without creating a quality product. In order for a customer to want to buy from that company again they have to be satisfied with their first purchase, and this satisfaction cannot be attained without creating a product of the highest quality. A company must have an expansive research and development team to improve the product and to offer the highest quality product to its consumers. This team has to undergo a process that includes brainstorming, screening, developing, and testing new products. This process allows for the development of a high quality product, and a product that consumers are going to want to purchase. Nike has been able to develop successful advertising campaigns and effectively market their products through the hard work of the Wieden and Kennedy Advertising agency, which understands the needs and desires of consumers and has successfully throughout the years marketed the products of Nike. Throughout the years Nike has had many different advertising campaigns, some more successful than others, but always created to reflect public opinion. What is most important though, is that Nike has changed their campaigns, in order to satisfy public preference. In the 1980s Phil Knights company, Nike, exceeded a billion dollars and the company never again looked back. It was than that Phil Knight realized that he needed to not only improve but also expand upon his marketing tactics. Nike continued to grow and to establish itself as the number one in its industry. Nike has effectively marketed their products and in addition understands the importance of a quality product. They are continually improving their shoes through new technologies that are developed by their research teams. An example of this is their Shox sneakers, which are designed to add a little spring to your step. This is a new technology that Nike has developed. Other new concepts or technologies that Nike has marketed and developed throughout the years has been their Alpha Line, the Nike ID line; which allows customers to customize the shoes that they purchase, the AirMax line, the Hyper Flight; Nikes lightest weight basketball shoe ever, Air Presto Faze; a lace less, slip-on running shoe. In addition to understand the importance of a quality product Nike also understands the necessity of effective marketing and this requires an understanding of public opinion. In the last few years Nike has seen a change in the focus of their advertising because a change in society and how society views professional athletes. During most of the 1980s and 1990s professional athletes were looked up to as heroes and kids and adults wanted to be like them and aspired to attain this greatness that these athletes carried with them. But this new group of professional athletes that society is currently seeing can no longer be considered heroes. Many of them have had problems with the law; they have had drug and alcohol problems or have even been arrested. Children no longer aspire to be these athletes. Children no longer strive to be like someone else as much, they have this desire to be the best person that they can be and society stresses the importance of the individual. In 1984 Michael Jordan joined the Nike team. Michael Jordan became an official spokesman for Nike. He appeared in many of their advertisements. Nike used Michael Jordan and other great athletes to capitalize on the youths desire to be like them. This is where the slogan Be Like Mike came from. People wanted to be like Michael Jordan, Nike understood this and used it to sell their products. If people wanted to be athletically as talented as Jordan, they would also want to look like him, and wear the shoes that he played in. If he was able to play so great in these shoes maybe I can to, is the idea, which Nike was working off of. Using professional athletes in their advertising campaigns was both efficient and effective for Nike. Phil Knight in an interview in the Harvard Business Review quoted It saves us a lot of time. Sports are at the heart of American culture, so a lot of emotion already exists around it. Emotions are always hard to explain, but theres something inspirational about watching athletes push the limits of performance. You cant explain much in 60 seconds, but when you show Michael Jordan, you dont have to. 1[iv] Sports marketing was a major part of Nikes advertising campaign up until recently. Although Michael Jordan was the major spokesperson for Nike, he was not the only athlete that Nike used to sell their products. Nike has included women athletes such as Monica Seles and Mia Hamm. Both us these women represented strength and were positive role models for young girls. Nike used this to market their products to girls and to inspire woman through successful women athletes. Nike has also used other men in their campaigns; a few are Michael Johnson, Pete Sampras, John McEnroe, and Andre Agassi. These male athletes were positive role models and athletes in which people aspired to be. When Michael Jordan retired in January of 1999 Nike needed to find a new hero, a new athlete as great as Michael Jordan and as widely accepted for children to aspire to be. Unfortunately the professional sports market no longer boasted any Michael Jordans. Nike started promoting Tiger Woods and a golf line, but Tiger Woods is just not an athlete that all children look up to and want to be. Black respondents said hes corny and acts like hes white, while white respondents said his clothes look funny. 1[v]Nike could not find an athlete that replaced Michael Jordan. Many of the professional basketball stars are not the kind of people that children look up to. Athletes like Litrell Sprewell and Allen Iverson who are excellent athletes and talented basketball players have had problems with the law, and are not people that adults want children to look up to. Not only have young people lost some of the respect that they hold for professional athletes because of their behavior, some young people are turned off by the contract wars that goes on between athletes and team managers. And also the competition that occurs over having the highest salary; for example many people were turned off by Alex Rodriguezs 250 million dollar contract, because they felt that professional sports were no longer about sports, but about money. In addition to the changing caliber of professional athletes there is a greater emphasis placed on the individual. And being your own person. People are proud of their uniqueness and individuality and they want to express this. With this new school of thinking Nike has created new advertising campaigns to satisfy public opinion. Dave Larson, Nikes brand initiatives director stated, The idea for the marketing campaign came from some of Nikes own research. We went out and asked kids whom they aspired to be. We figured that we would hear, I want to be like Mike, but what we heard was I want to be my own me. 1[vi]Nikes new campaigns no longer revolve around professional athletes, but rather individual athleticism and individual success. Nike has departed from using athletes as their main form of advertisement and has moved to advertising the everyday man and woman and expressing the importance of individuality. Recently Nike has launched many new advertising commercials. The first is a commercial that shows a city and is based on the premise that adults never stopped playing tag. A man is tagged from behind and then the bustling city becomes deserted as everyone runs to hide. This man is now IT, and he cant continue on with his day until he tags someone else IT. The second commercial is called Shade Running, and it follows a woman running through a city, but she can only run where she finds shade. The third commercial is called tailgating. This commercial follows two people, one man following close behind the other, tailgating him and invading his personal space; by bouncing a basketball as close to this individual without actually touching him. These three commercials are supposed to send out the message that there is joy and simplicity to expressing ones individualism through sport. Have a little fun dont limit yourself to narrow rules or succumb to the thats how its always been done trap. ( nikebiz. com/)1[vii] These three campaigns are supported and aided by what is known as Nike Play. This campaign runs both commercials and events, and is the epitome of the shift that Nike has undergone to reflect the changing public opinion. Nike has created a website ( nike. com/play)1[viii] that tells the story of this campaign and allows viewers to view short videos of kids putting their own take on sports. It shows people showing off their moves in events such as basketball moves, soccer dribbling, BMX biking, double-Dutch break-dancing and other extreme and individual events. Nikes Play campaign stresses individual achievement and encourages everyone to participate. Another new campaign that Nike is currently running is its Boing advertisements. These are for Nikes Shox sneakers and Wieden and Kennedy have coined a term to describe the experience that these sneakers offer for you. Displays for Shox at sneaker stores, allow customers to hear the Boing sound. The public has responded positively to Nikes new advertising campaigns and the difference in their focus. Many people have attended the Nike Play festivals in support of the new Nike campaign, which is based around individualism and individual sports. Many citizens have recently questioned some of what professional sports have come to stand for. Some people feel that these teams are no longer about promoting athleticism, but rather about making the most money. In addition people feel that these professional athletes are no longer role models for the countries youth and are not people to aspire to be. With this switch in public opinion more emphasis has been placed on the individual and on the simplicity of athleticism. In the near future, Nike will more than likely continue on with its trend of supporting the individual and athleticism as opposed to revolving its entire campaign around professional athletes. This is because of a changing view in society and because more emphasis has been placed on the individual. Successful marketing advertises public opinion, and that is what Nike is doing through their new marketing strategies. Nikes marketing campaign reflects the popular preferences in society and the stress that society is putting on individual uniqueness.

Ownership of Medical Record Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ownership of Medical Record - Term Paper Example To transfer and data through ROI procedure, the patient has to submit a written request to the hospital. If the request is found to be bogus or invalid, then it is rejected. The medical records of a patient can be amended on the patients’ request. The changes in any type of information are to be updated as soon as it occurs for the fluent working of the hospitals. To alter any information, the patient has to make a complete request with his name record number and password (if any). The request must also consist of the changes to be made, for example, if the address is to be changed then the new address must be submitted along with the older one. Any alterations without the permission of the patient must be fined heavily. A patient can also revoke his record if needed. Revocation of any record should also be done according to the rules set by HIPAA (health insurance portability and accountability act). To cancel the account patient has to visit the hospital once and get all his information deleted. The hospital must delete all private and disclosed data available. After the revocation, the hospital will no longer be responsible for the duplication, abuse or loss of that data. The alteration or cancellation of a medical record must be done within a specific time period. The thing that deals with this rule is the timely response mandate.

Country eassy 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Country eassy 5 - Essay Example Some of the main wood products that the country exports to other parts of the world include plywood, veneer, wooden floors, and lumber core plywood (Liu). Deforestation is not a major issue for the government of Taiwan. The annual rate of forest loss in the country is nearly 3 to 5 percent which is recovered using plantation of more plants and trees. The major causes of deforestation in Taiwan are large-scale industrial development, logging, and increased rate of population growth. The government of Taiwan takes huge interest in preserving its asset of natural forests. The Forestry Bureau under the Council of Agriculture (COA) is laying the role of a guardian for the country’s one of the most valuable natural resources. It is not only working to increase forest productivity and improve forest health but also it is playing its role in making people aware of the need to protect the forestland of the country (Forestry Bureau). Liu, C. Does the country export wood products to other parts of the world. Hla.hlc.edu, n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012.

David Cronenberg's A History Of Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

David Cronenberg's A History Of Violence - Essay Example The family, its struggles and its entirety are the focus of the story. Millbrook, Indiana, and the Stall residence are the structure in which Tom establishes his identity. The mise en scne is alive with little embellishments that suggest good nature and an ingenuousness of being. A History of Violence depicts the life of a small-town diner owner, Tom Stall (Viggo Mortensen), and his close-knit family of four. After defending their lives, killing two thugs during a robbery attempt, Tom becomes a local hero and, in turn, finds himself at the receiving end of some real trouble. The action is brutal, fast and sloppy but in many ways it gives the audience what they expect for the two wicked fellows. Tom's newfound celebrity brings Philadelphia mobster Carl Fogarty (Ed Harris) to Millbrook insisting that Tom is actually a man named Joey Cusack who Fogarty clearly has some unfinished business with - bringing you to a dimension where sudden burst of extreme violence takes place out of domestic tranquility. A History of Violence has an interesting technique. Most violent movies have a steady stream of violence spread throughout the film. Occasionally the violence will go over the top in an attempt to shock the audience, but the shock effect usually isn't strong. When the audience knows violence is coming, they can be somewhat prepared for it whether it is mild or extremely graphic. Peter Suschitzky's cinematography is definitely the b... Peter Suschitzky's cinematography is definitely the best. Colors come out rich and bright and brilliant; images are sharp, concise and clear, black's are dark and contrast comes out as it should; this is because Cronenberg and Director of Photography Peter Suschitzky have used a 27mm lens. A standard lens is 50mm focal length, so 27mm is very much a wide angle lens. To create 'normal' framings, the camera has to be placed closer and care is needed to avoid distortion. The effect is unnerving although a scene looks conventional, it feels wide of the mark SOUND English Dolby Digital 5.1 and Dolby stereo soundtracks are presented. The 5.1 makes great use of the set up as needed. Music comes through in all speakers but doesn't overwhelm. Sound effects come through sharply as does the dialogue, mostly pumped through the center channel. There was no noticeable distortion anywhere. New Line has presented a fine audio mix to accompany a fine video transfer. Sound adds life to the story as to signify the intense feeling of the characters, and the extremes of every scene, especially the extremely distressing violence. ASSESSMENT While it's just right, the film skillfully draws its audience into the graphic nature of violence and the way it later affects the film's protagonists. Some people might ignore the drama developed by Tom's actions, but Cronenberg handles the drama in such a way that is very effective; it doesn't come across as melodramatic. Everyone closely associated to Tom is changed or, at the very least, forced to look the consequences of their actions. The idea that violence breeds more violence and whether or not the vengeful and unforgiving instinct for destruction is imbedded in human DNA is in the heart of almost every scene. The

A Woman’s Place and a Man’s Duty Essay Example for Free

A Woman’s Place and a Man’s Duty Essay The author Maria Del Carmen Triana explains the vast difference between the wage income gap over the years between men and women, and how it plays an important role in today’s competitive society. Gender income gaps have become a hot debate topic for many. Gender income gaps can affect a marriage and family as well as cause friction in the work place. Sexual discrimination also plays an important role in Gender income gaps as well. In most Corporate and White Collar jobs, stereotypes and wage earner status have an effect on men and women. Triana explains what she calls â€Å"home related spillover discrimination† which is, women being primary wage earners in households. Triana also goes on to explain that a major wage difference between men and women could be a new form of sexual discrimination. Because this is one of the first studies showing stereotyping roles, it can only be an assumption. According to Triana, research in the work place are being penalized thru wage earning for gender role playing. (Dipboye 1985; Heilman 1983). Triana Proposes that the idea of what feminine and masculine behavior in the work place should be can actually work against the female primary wage earner. She feels that this gender behavior could influence people to â€Å"under- award† the female to keep them from succeeding too far ahead of their husbands. Gender Deviance and Household Work In this article about Gender Roles, Daniel Schneider reports that couples spending a substantial amount on housework such as repairs around the house, shopping, cooking and cleaning could be defined as â€Å"Gender Work.† Housework was once referred to as a â€Å"Woman’s job.† Studies show that men are stepping into the position to help in the home and watch the children while the mother fulfills her job requirements in Corporate America. The author claims that â€Å"predictions† have been focusing on wives that earn more than their husbands, which stereotype the bread winner as normality. The author refers to this as â€Å"Gender Deviance.† According to his research, married couples have been known to neutralize the gender deviance by dividing the work load at home. An example of this would be: men washing dishes, folding cloths cooking and cleaning, while providing less income and women working long hours at work to provide the majority of the income for the family. Schneider also argues that what men and women do in the job market may very well affect household work and hours. Schneider goes on to state that men who work in occupations stereotyped to be feminine could be seen as a form of gender deviance as well. Schneider uses data gathered from the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH2) to conduct his research. He goes on to explain that gender deviance is the† product of social doings of some sort,† and that if women did not gender themselves some actions would not make any sense. Over a period of time women have reduced the amount of time spent on housework and increased social activities with the kids to help balance of a parent being absent from school events. Studies also show an increase in the men actively participating in parent/teacher conferences and after school practices while the women are in the work force. References Schneider D. Gender deviance and household work: the role of occupation. American Journal of Sociology, January 2012; 117(4) (p. 1029-1072.) Triana C. del M. (2011). A womans place and a mans duty: how gender role incongruence in ones family life can result in home-related spillover discrimination at work. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26(1), (p. 71-86.)

The Currently Undergoing Change In Business Commerce Essay

The Currently Undergoing Change In Business Commerce Essay All organizations that are currently undergoing some kind of change.  Many of these programs on the changes resulting from management practices, such as culture change, business process engineering, empowerment and quality of the whole.  Other initiatives, the changes are dependent on the needs of the organization to reposition the face of changing competitive conditions.   A good example is the ongoing process of change at Marks Spencer.  Strategic Change The term is usually reserved for such initiatives.  These transitions are often related radicals in the organization, which includes strategy, structure, systems, processes and culture.  Success in implementing strategic change in organizations is poor.  Many simply do not understand that the implementation (which is actually turning plans into reality), and not the wording that is difficult.  To the strategic objective becomes a reality, it is necessary to change the way people behave in organizations. This will require more restructuring and new systems.   Background of change   Faster pace of change is the starting point.  Sure, companies live in times of change, indeed, more turbulent age than ever.  But what was true for many years.  What happened to that last, managers realized that without changes in not only miss opportunities, can kill or paralyze society.  Even if an organization indulges in finally change may be too late to prevent continual arthritis of the company.   Marks Spencer has been horribly damaged, not only by his lawyer about the size of its reserves, but by managing cattle demonstrated that corresponds to unravel.  M S, after serving what turned out to be a strong reflection of heavy blows of its reputation and profits fell by a few weak sales.   The worst thing is that Suns statistics were accompanied by anecdotal evidence bad choice of clothing for women, lack of resources, attractive shops which confirmed that the problems were not resolved.  M S knew that he needed the conversion to a retailer who fleet feet, a magnet for vendors and managers, and a dynamic leader in the field of fashion.  But M S was never one of those three things.   During the long reign of dominance Rick Greenbury, the consolidated unnecessary functions from the past: from top to bottom, slowly and deeply conservative.   Description of changes in the organization   The process of change can be difficult,  may be slow and painful.  People by nature do not like change.  Companies naturally do not like change.  The question is whether we want to drive the implementation of strategic changes in our business, how much pain we are ready to commit to adopting means for change?   We must first ask the reasons for changes in the business environment?  There are four modes of changes that may occur in any company and be seen as the primary cause. The theory of change management   Managing change in the tradition of organizational development, considers the organization of social systems, and therefore relates to humanistic element in conjunction with the mechanics of the organization.  The aim is to improve the efficiency and prosperity by facilitating the organization of the development process so that eventually the organization is able to solve their problems and adjust if necessary. Therefore, in order to implement effective change, the scientist-physician must be able to adapt and apply appropriate rules to the current situation.   Familiar models for inclusion in our theories in use were selected for their usefulness, adaptation and integration of members of the organization.  They are listed below.   Planned changes to the model of Lewin (1951)   These changes in the oldest and most fundamental are that Lewins change model.  It consists of three stages: melting, movement and refreezing.  The publication is to reduce the peacekeeping forces of organizational behaviour.  The movement involves moving behaviour of the organization and re-freezing is to stabilize the new state.  Lewins saw a change in behaviour of sources in the organization.  These forces are trying to maintain the standard and those who fought for change.   Model of action research   The classical model of action research focuses on the planned changes as an iterative process in which a preliminary examination on the organization is a way for future research and future needs.  Search in the initial phase is estimated to guide research.   The model focuses on the massive data collection and identification prior to any action taking place and a careful evaluation later.  Emphasis is placed on the organization and work with your doctor to change all stages of the process.   Business model is based on the most current research approach to planned change and is often considered synonymous with the IP (Cummings and Worley, 2005)   Kotter Model   According to Kotter, the plans should be established to develop appropriate stages, achievable and measurable changes, while engaging, enable and facilitate the participation of people as quickly and as openly as possible (Kotter, 1995, p. 2-3).   Changes must be realistic, achievable and measurable (Kotter, 1995, p. 6).  These aspects are particularly relevant to management and changes in individual groups.  Prior to the organizational changes, the organization must determine what it wants to achieve with this change, why and how he knows that change is achieved.  It is the address that is affected by this change and how they will react.  Finally, how changes in the organization are able to achieve alone and what aspects of the changes he needs a specialist or outside help to achieve.   Intervention   Our diagnosis, offer interventions to deal with errors or problems and help Marks and Spencer in competition with other organizations.  This list, which is not exhaustive credits towards a cultural change, but taking into account the wider context, which is defined at the beginning of the quantitative changes in corporate strategy are required.  Therefore, the intervention process, which includes culture change, would be best suited for this case.   Transformational change   Transformational change is a relatively new organizational change.  Is concerned about radical change and is essentially change the way the organization is perceived both internally and externally and how it works.   This type of change would be particularly relevant to the case of Marks and Spencer, as it must radically change the way you operate in a competitive environment.   Culture change   The concept of organizational culture has brought a lot of research and culture, many models have been developed to define measure and observe the culture.  However, little consensus about the nature of culture or to understand.  Nevertheless, culture has become a very important part of the organization and activities covering a culture change have increased sharply.   Schein (1990), Millward (2005) model of culture is one of the most commonly used, consists of four layers at different levels of consciousness.  In the centre of the basic assumptions (unconscious, reactions uncontested guide), values (this is important) and norms (how to behave), and finally, artefacts (observable behaviours and procedures).   This metaphor of culture cannot hope to capture all the elements of organizational culture, it is a useful tool in the study.   Need for change To understand how organizations respond to the need for change, we must examine the organizational processes and management, organization transformation through additions, deletions or changes to the resource base leads to the attainment of these processes of change.  We need to know not only what the organization which markets will come, how fast they grow, but how they do it.   Factors that determine the need for strategic change   Organizations usually in response to changes in the external environment, as well as the development of competitive advantages in the organization.  External environmental factors, including:   Social factors Such as changes in demographics and purchasing habits of consumers. Legal factors Legal pressures that force organizations to comply with the law changes, for example, in response to environmental legislation.   Economic factors Relate to the booms and declines in economic activity in general, changes in interest rates, inflation, etc.   Political factors These are related to wider policy changes for example the government to take a particular line of the privatization / role of government in society.   Technological factors Technological aspects of technological advances such as developing new methods based on point of sale by the company.   In addition to these factors, he slept a significant impact on the organization, making competition.   Slept analysis is an analysis of the major changes in the environment of the organization.  This is sometimes called environmental scanning.  Managing change is a key aspect of how the organization responds to changes in an appropriate manner.   Todays managers believe that in the future, organizations need more leaders who can use the talents of the organization in achieving its objectives, the development of a culture that believes change as an opportunity rather than a threat, regularly invent the organization, effectively  planning and implementing change.  To succeed in this environment, managers have to do the right things in the existing well-defined procedures and limitations.  Predictable and stable environment reduces the need to mobilize the organizations capacity, flexibility, creativity and innovation.   The environment has changed radically, and successful organizations and their managers   should behave differently.  Managers in todays environment are needed to  transformation of the organization, to develop good relationships with internal and external  stakeholders, run horizontally and vertically, and not the entire culture lines  enable employees and the development of networks and alliances. Stakeholders in developing a strategy change   Stakeholders are those who have direct interest in the organization and may be beneficial, and harmful to the organization if not properly treated if a policy is adopted in order to keep the company and they should also participate in company affairs and decision making.  The system is planned in this direction in which we can pass our message to all actors in society and be in the best interest of the latter.  Some of it is also relevant for people who do not want to change or resist change.  The behaviour of these people also consider. Resistance to change Responses to organizational change initiatives are no different.  In the beginning there is a small proportion of the early adopters those who want to participate, because I just changed a breakthrough that will lead to better conditions.  Most of the people affected by the initiative of the changes will be far less enthusiastic than the early adopters, but over time they will eventually accept and adjust to it.  Finally, the group will not be very resilient, many of whom will never adapt to the changes in place.  This range of behaviour results from a normal distribution.  It is a natural phenomenon intuitively understood by most managers of change.  Unfortunately, though perhaps unconsciously, to understand the phenomenon, these managers often do not use this knowledge to better organize an effective change.   The aim is to adopt the first to develop their support and consciously use their influence to speed up the most reluctant to change.  It is important to understand that they do not reflect the impact of hierarchical position.  Leaders are natural leaders and respected functional experts who are well connected.  They are nodes in the social, business, politics and communications networks, and their sphere of influence goes beyond the scope of their parent organization.  While these influential illustrate its support for the changes, they are a marketing tool more powerful than any message issued by the office of managing change.   Strategies should be performed on the leaders of high or medium, the goal is to transform them into the first users, and use its influence over the end of the interest or commitment.  For those who cannot be pulled forward or to the small force, aims to accelerate the speed of their adaptation to help them better understand and prepare for the consequences of change.   It is also focusing on people who are able to adapt, but because of its unique combination of knowledge, skills or abilities, but a significant contribution.   Some people will be unwilling or unable to adapt to change.  They are already able to demonstrate their acceptance and respect for a change, otherwise, may suffer the consequences clear.  Include initiatives that will affect change, how it will affect them and what their reactions might be important for the success of the strategy changes.   When an organization brings new things about people, there will be problems. Participation, involvement and open, early, full communication are important factors.   How to tell change to people The workshops are very useful process to develop a common understanding, methods, principles, methods, systems, ideas, etc.   Surveys are useful to repair the damage and lack of trust among employees if you allow people to fill them out anonymously, and provided that publish and implement the findings.  You cannot force change individuals and teams must have the right to seek their own solutions and responses, the facilitation and management support, tolerance and compassion for managers and executives.  Management style and leadership behaviour are more important than intelligence and the political process.  Employees must have confidence in the organization.   A leader must listen to and work with these ideas, or change can be very painful, and soon will be lost in the process.   You may also find that the main problem is the resistance of the people and defence of someone who is in the organization, what you do.  After this challenge, you can begin to compare what is happening with what the organization intends to do (mission, values, goals, priorities, targets, key performance indicators, process measures), as people feel things (marketing, maintenance workers, morale and attitudes  ) as well as customers and suppliers feel too much (in fact, go out and find clients and former clients in particular).   Follow the protocol is very difficult you have properly with people and explain who you are and what you do.  Be polite.  Respect the people more than usual; because they are sensitive, it is understandable.   The framework for change management at Marks Spencer   Marks Spencer has been under pressure to change the external economic factors and not yet answered correctly.  It is for this reason that the approach proposed amendment is necessary to initiate and implement change is being driven by the management of physician (s).   Using current models and theories of change management in the organization development, proposed a framework for planned changes that could be used by Marks Spencer.   Context of Changing   First, in the context of the situation to be addressed in order to develop appropriate methods of change.  This can be done in three dimensions:   The volume changes   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Incremental change to solve specific problems such as lack of communication and low customer satisfaction   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Quantum amendment to change the basic functioning of organizations, including the structure and culture   Degree of organization   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Over-organized where policies are too rigid for effective action due to poor communication, conflict avoidance, etc.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sub-structured where there is too little regulation for the effective operation due to lack of direction and coordination structure.   Domestic vs International   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cultural differences, especially between Eastern and Western societies, for example, Asian countries tend to be hierarchical and North America deal with individuality.  It can be difficult to implement change, which encourages openness among employees when it is not viewed positively.   In the case of Marks and Spencer, the magnitude of change is that major changes in the quantum of culture, structure and strategy must be addressed.  They will be included in the applied intervention.  They are also highly organized society with the management system now that he is honoured to be part of the overall problem.  Although the system successfully in the past, is steeped in ancient culture and able to adapt to a redesigned image of Marks Spencer.  Therefore, the process of change at Marks Spencer will focus on softening of the structure.  General review, Marks Spencer, will be treated as a citizen of the operation of this case, since closed down its operations in Europe and North America sold its franchise stores in Hong Kong.   The model change is composed of seven steps to help developers to the key issues of transformation.  Activities focus on people, leadership, trust, vision, empowerment, celebration and institutionalization.  Despite the emerging linear stages can occur simultaneously.  Effective communication is the mortar.  There must be open and honest communication in every step of the process, and communication needs to combine these steps together.  Nothing can destroy the effort to change sooner or permanently, that poor communication.   Here are the steps for effective transition.   Assessment and solve human problems   Contractor changes need to invest time and effort to understand the problems of people does not appear in place of those who suffered, and then practice the golden rule of treating others as they would be treated.   Exercise strong leadership in the organization   Without strong leadership, positive change will not.  Leadership can no longer be the domain of a few organizations all the staff responsible should do what it takes to achieve organizational goals.  This is especially true when change must occur.  Many must step in and assume leadership.  Spreading leadership and decision-making responsibilities, inspires and motivates everyone to play a role in implementing the changes.   Building trust in the leadership   Confidence is simply the belief that it would suffer if threatened.  Obviously, the level of mutual trust between labour and management or between supervisors and subordinates affects the health of the organization.   Clearly articulate the vision to all   If you want to change, please explain the reason and purpose of fundamental change. People cannot have a real idea of where the organization is or what problems it faces. You have to tell them.  They need to understand the purpose for the desired result.  Be prepared to answer these questions: What is the problem?  Who said that?  What happens if you do not change?   Creating an helpful environment Organizations can do everything possible to prepare the ground for change in response to the concerns of people in order to demonstrate strong leadership, building trust, formulating a vision all, that is, but to create an environment to enable success.   Honest answer is that you can get almost as much as you want to manage anything else of a turbulent, messy, chaotic nature, it is not really manage it, talk with her.  It is a question of leadership is one of management skills.   The first thing to do is jump in. You cannot do something outside.   A clear sense of mission or purpose is essential.  A simple mission, the better.   Building a team that can work hard and one of them is the team leader. Pick people with relevant skills and high energy levels.  Youll need two.   Set flexible priorities.  You must have the ability to drop what youre doing and tend to something more important.   Treat everything as a temporary measure.   Ask for volunteers.  You will be surprised that arises.  You will be pleasantly surprised what you can do.   Find a good boss or team leader and stay in his way.   Conclusion   In concluding this report, we can say that effective reforms introduced to the strategy are to maximize the huge returns if these changes are well managed.   In this report, and Spencer takes on the characters thinking and different models are also discussed to show the strategic shift from Marks Spencer, which is a leading company in the UK, but suffered from some activities for that has to change, and finally models Kotter and Lewins,  a representative of the role of stakeholders that their existence in the affairs of the company is very necessary to be able to join in their decisions and At last appropriate model is also developed, which will provide guidance for better performance. Dont Do Change for the Sake of Change Do Change to Enhance Organizational Performance